Before Armstrong excavated this cave, the cave earth would have been above our heads at this point. Armstrong dug down through the hard flowstone layer into the soft red sandy fill to the level on which we are standing. As he dug through the cave earth, he came across stone tools of varying ages ranging from 60,000 to 12,500 years old.
He noticed gnaw marks on many of the bones he discovered showing that hyaenas made this cave their den during the Ice Age.

Follow me to another cave Armstrong excavated.

Preserved deposits in Pin Hole
The red sandy fill you can see towards the back of the cave is where Armstrong finished his excavation. This area has been studied more recently, collecting minute remains such as plant pollen, in an attempt to discover more about Ice Age environments.

Surviving bones
This fragment of bone, still within the surviving fragile deposit just beneath the flowstone, is just one of thousands of bone remains still to be uncovered from the cave.